December 29, 2012 by iniskantor

Cancer Electroacupuncture

The particular effect of cancer upabout breast (i.e., mamma, or teat), and prostate (i.e., prostata, or glandula prostatica) is indeed significant. Cancer is a term for diseases in which abnormal (i.e., deviant) cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body (i.e., corpus) through the blood (i.e., haema) and lymph (i.e., lympha) systems. There are several main (i.e., hand) types of cancer. Carcinoma is a cancer that begins in the skin (i.e., cutis) or in tissues that line (i.e., linea) or cover internal (i.e., internus) organs. Sarcoma is a cancer that begins in bone (i.e., os), cartilage (i.e., cartilago, or chondrus), fat (i.e., adipose tissue), muscle (i.e., musculus, or see musculus), blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia (i.e., leukocytic sarcoma) is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow (i.e., medulla ossium), and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma (i.e., multiple myelomatosis, or myelomatosis multiplex) are cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system (i.e., systema nervosum) cancers are cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal (i.e., rachial, or rachidial) cord (i.e., fasciculus, or funiculus). Also called malignancy. Acupuncture is the proficiency of inserting thin needles through the tegument (i.e., integument, or integument) at specific points on the body to control pain and other symptoms. It is a type of complementary and alternative medicine. Breast, glandular (i.e., glandulous) organ located on the chest (i.e., pectus). The breast is made up of connective tissue (i.e., interstitial tissue, or supporting tissue), fat, and breast tissue that contains the glands that can make milk (i.e., strip, or lac). Also called mammary gland (i.e., glandula mammaria, or lactiferous gland). Prostate is a gland in the male (i.e., masculine) reproductive system (i.e., genital system). The prostate surrounds the part of the urethra (the tube (i.e., tuba) that empties the bladder) just below the bladder, and produces a fluid that forms part of the semen (i.e., seed, or seminal fluid).

The value of the actual accompanying nine breast cancer results, shouldn’t be discounted:

One can identify, thirty-eight postmenopausal women with breast cancer and vasomotor (i.e., vasculomotor) symptoms were randomized to treatment with electro-acupuncture (n = 19) or applied relaxation (n = 19) during twelve weeks.^[2] Breast cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the breast, usually the ducts (tubes that carry milk to the nipple (i.e., papilla mammae, or mammilla)) and lobules (glands that make milk). It occurs in both men and women, although male breast (i.e., mamma masculina, or mamma virilis) cancer is rare. Vasomotor, affecting the narrowing and widening of the blood vessels. Postmenopausal, having to perform with the time after menopause. Menopause is the time of life when a woman’s ovaries stop producing hormones and menstrual periods stop. Natural menopause usually occurs around age 50. A woman is said to be in menopause when she hasn’t had a period for 12 months in a row. Symptoms of menopause include hot flashes, mood swings, night sweats, vaginal dryness, trouble concentrating, and infertility. Hot flash is a sudden, temporary onset of organic structure (i.e., structura) warmth, flushing, and sweating (i.e., perspiration) (often associated with menopause). Menopause ( change (i.e., shift) of living ) is the time in a woman’s life when menstrual periods
halt permanently.
It might seem apparant that, Objective To evaluate the effect of applied relaxation and electro-acupuncture on vasomotor symptoms in women treated for breast malignant neoplastic disease is
discussed here.^[2]
One can identify, vasomotor symptoms decrease in women with breast cancer randomized to handling with applied ease or electro-acupuncture a preliminary study presented here suggests.^[2]
Seemingly, breast malignant neoplastic disease treatment in the 1970s entailed surgical procedure and radiation (i.e., radiatio) for local disease, but cancer recurred in about forty percent of women.^[3] Radiation, energy released in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. Common sources of radiation include radon gas, cosmic rays from outer space (i.e., spatium), medical (i.e., medicinal, or medicinal) x-rays, and energy given off by a radioisotope (unstable form of a chemical
element that releases radiation as it breaks down and becomes more stable).
One can view (i.e., projection), Carol Fabian leads a squad of researchers who are trying to understand how to prevent breast cancer.^[3]
It seems to be, the discovery that women who responded to antihormonal therapies had tumors that were predominately estrogen (i.e., estrin, or oestrogen) receptor-positive ushered in the era of targeted therapy (i.e., therapeusis, or therapia) for breast cancer.^[3] Therapy, treatment. Estrogen receptor is a protein found inside the cells of the female reproductive tissue, some other types of tissue, and some malignant neoplastic disease cells. The hormone estrogen will bind to the receptors inside the cells and may cause the cells to develop. Likewise called ER. Estrogen is a type of hormone made by the body that helps develop and maintain female sex characteristics and the ontogenesis (i.e., ontogeny) of long bones. Estrogens can likewise be made in the lab. They may be used as a type of nativity control and to treat symptoms of menopause, catamenial disorders, osteoporosis, and other conditions. Receptor is a molecule inside or on the surface (i.e., face, or facies) of a cell that binds to a specific substance (i.e., substantia, or matter) and causes a specific effect in the cell. Targeted therapy is a type of handling that uses drugs or other substances, such as monoclonal antibodies, to identify and attack
specific malignant neoplastic disease cells. Targeted therapy may have fewer
side effects than other types of malignant neoplastic disease treatments.
It has been discovered that, already wide used in Europe, this plant is being tested in conjunction with the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine in patients with pancreatic, lung (i.e., pulmo), colorectal and breast cancer.^[5] Pancreatic, having to do with the pancreas. Lung, one of a pair of organs in the chest that supplies the body with oxygen, and removes carbon dioxide from the body. Chemotherapy, treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells. Colorectal, having to do with the colon or the rectum. Gemcitabine is the active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat pancreatic cancer that is advanced or has spread. It is also used with other drugs to treat breast cancer that has spread, advanced ovarian cancer, and non-small cell (i.e., oat cell) lung cancer that is advanced or has spread. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Gemcitabine blocks the cell from making Dna and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimetabolite.
It would appear apparant that, may be beneficial as a treatment for persistent fatigue in breast cancer patients.^[5] Fatigue is a condition marked by extreme fatigue and inability to function due lack of energy. Fatigue may be acute or chronic.
It seems that, women medical questions about pregnancy
(i.e., fetation, or gestation), breast cancer, or menopause are presented here.^[6] Pregnancy is the condition between conception (i.e., concept) (fertilization of an egg by a sperm (i.e., sperm cell, or spermatozoon)) and birth, during which the fertilized egg develops in the uterus (i.e., metra, or womb). In humans,
pregnancy lasts about 288 days.

Important information for prostate cancer are usually:

It is clear that, Hayes et (and) al (2005) conducted yet (and) another prospective survey in which ten men who had a hot flash score greater than four while on androgen (i.e., testoid) deprivation therapy for prostate cancer were treated with electro-acupuncture.^[1] Androgen is a type of internal secretion that promotes the development and maintenance of male sex characteristics. Prospective is in medicine, a study or clinical trial in which participants are identified and then followed ahead in time. Prostate cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the prostate (a gland in the male reproductive system found below the bladder and in front of the rectum). Prostate cancer usually occurs in older men. Androgen deprivation, treatment to hold back or stop the production or action of male hormones. This is done by having the testicles removed, by taking female person sexual practice hormones, or by taking drugs called antiandrogens. Also called androgen ablation and androgen curtailment.
It’s possible to assume that, this popular therapy is being tested in patients with prostate gland (i.e., prostate) malignant neoplastic disease.^[5]

Cancer Electroacupuncture relevant findings contain, but are not limited by:

It’s been found that, objective to investigate the electro-acupuncture acupuncture treatment on colorectal cancer following radical (i.e., free radical) surgery to restore vermiculation impact is shown in this
article.^[4] Colorectal cancer, cancer that develops in the colon (the longest part of the large intestine (i.e., bowel (i.e., intestine), or gut) (i.e., intestinum crassum)) and/or the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine before the anus (i.e., anal orifice)). Surgery is a procedure to remove or repair a part of
the body or to find out whether disease is present. An operation.
Finally, one can identify, electro-acupuncture points treatment of colorectal cancer after curative resection (i.e., excision) of bowel movements.^[4] Resection, operation to remove tissue or part or all of an organ. Bowel is the long, electron tube-shaped organ in the abdomen (i.e., venter) that completes the procedure of digestion. The bowel has two parts, the little bowel and the large bowel. Also called bowel.

It could be explained that regarding Cancer Electroacupuncture, breast cancer will be worth focusing on.

Terminology

Mammary gland

the potential and active compound, alveolar, mostly merocrine (with possible apocrine components) milk-secreting gland lying within the breast; it comprises 15??????24 lobes, each consisting of many lobules, separated by adipose tissue and fibrous septa; the parenchyma of the resting postpubertal female gland consists of ducts; the alveoli develop only during pregnancy and remain active until weaning; normally, the gland remains rudimentary (undistinguishable from its childhood state) in men

Lymph

A clear, transparent, sometimes faintly yellow and slightly opalescent fluid that is collected from the tissues throughout the body, flows in the lymphatic vessels (through the lymph nodes), and is eventually added to the venous blood circulation. Lymph consists of a clear liquid portion, varying numbers of white blood cells (chiefly lymphocytes), and a few red blood cells

Fatigue

That state, following a period of mental or bodily
activity, characterized by a lessened capacity or motivation for work and
reduced efficiency of accomplishment, usually accompanied by a feeling of
weariness, sleepiness, irritability, or loss of ambition; may also supervene
when, from any cause, energy expenditure outstrips restorative processes and
may be confined to a single organ.
Sensation of boredom and lassitude due to absence of
stimulation, monotony, or lack of interest in one’s surroundings.

Perspiration

The excretion of fluid by the sweat glands of the
skin.
All fluid loss through normal skin, whether by sweat
gland secretion or by diffusion through other skin structures.
The hypotonic fluid excreted by the sweat glands; it
consists of water containing sodium chloride and phosphate, urea, ammonia,
ethereal sulfates, creatinine, fats, and other waste products; the average
daily quantity is estimated at about 1500 g

Bladder

A distensible musculomembranous organ serving as a
receptacle for fluid, such as the urinary bladder or gallbladder.
See detrusor

Resection

A procedure performed for the specific purpose of
removal, as in removal of articular ends of one or both bones forming a
joint.
To remove a part

Night sweats

profuse sweating at night, occurring in pulmonary tuberculosis and other chronic debilitating affections with low-grade fever.

Large intestine

the distal (aboral) portion of the digestive tube extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus; it comprises the cecum (with appendix), colon, rectum, and anal canal; shorter in length but larger in caliber than the small intestine, the large intestine functions to absorb fluids and electrolytes and provide temporary storage

Myelomatosis

A disease characterized by the occurrence of myeloma in various sites.

Spinal

Relating to any spine or spinous process.
Relating to the vertebral column

Mammilla

A small rounded elevation resembling the female breast

Nervous system

the entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part (the brain and spinal cord) and a peripheral part (the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia, plexuses and peripheral nerves)

Reproductive

Relating to reproduction.

Adipose

Denoting fat.

Leukocytic

Pertaining to or characterized by leukocytes

Prostate

A chestnut-shaped body, surrounding the beginning of the urethra in the male, which consists of two lateral lobes connected anteriorly by an isthmus and posteriorly by a middle lobe lying above and between the ejaculatory ducts. Structurally, the prostate consists of 30??????50 compound tubuloalveolar glands among which is abundant stroma consisting of collagen and elastic fibers and many smooth muscle bundles. The secretion of the glands is a milky fluid that is discharged by excretory ducts into the prostatic urethra at the time of the emission of semen

Small cell

a short, bluntly spindle-shaped cell that contains a relatively large, hyperchromatic nucleus, frequently observed in some forms of undifferentiated bronchogenic carcinoma

Colon

The large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum.

Immune system

an intricate complex of interrelated cellular, molecular, and genetic components that provides a defense, the immune response, against foreign organisms or substances and aberrant native cells.

Glandular

Relating to a gland

Ovarian

Relating to the ovary.

Receptor

A structural protein molecule on the cell surface or
within the cytoplasm that binds to a specific factor, such as a drug, hormone,
antigen, or neurotransmitter.
Any one of the various sensory nerve endings in the
skin, deep tissues, viscera, and special sense organs.

Movements

kinesophobia.

Genital

Relating to reproduction or generation.
Relating to the primary female or male sex organs or
genitals.
Relating to or characterized by genitality.

Fertilization

The process beginning with penetration of the secondary oocyte by the sperm and completed by fusion of the male and female pronuclei.

Ontogeny

Development of the individual, as distinguished from phylogeny, which is evolutionary development of the species

Estrogen

Generic term for any substance, natural or synthetic, that exerts biologic effects characteristic of estrogenic hormones such as 17????-estradiol. Estrogens are formed by the ovary, placenta, testes, and possibly the adrenal cortex, as well as by certain plants; they stimulate secondary sexual characteristics, and exert systemic effects, such as growth and maturation of long bones, and are used therapeutically in any disorder attributable to estrogen deficiency or amenable to estrogen therapy, such as menstrual disorders and menopausal problems. They control the course of the menstrual cycle

Pancreatic

Relating to the pancreas.

Brain

That part of the central nervous system contained within the cranium.

Radioisotope

An isotope that changes to a more stable state by emitting radiation.

Monoclonal

In immunochemistry, pertaining to a protein from a single clone of cells, all molecules of which are the same; in the case of Bence Jones protein, the chains are all ???? or ????.

Uterus

The hollow muscular organ in which the ootid is developed into the embryo and fetus; it is about 7.5-cm long in a nonpregnant woman; consists of a main portion (body) with an elongated lower part (cervix), at the extremity of which is the opening (external os). The upper rounded portion of the uterus, opposite the os, is the fundus, at each extremity of which is the horn marking the part where the uterine tube joins the uterus and through which the morula reaches the uterine cavity after leaving the uterine tube. The organ is passively supported in the pelvic cavity by the vagina and paracolpium and by the anteflexion and anteversion of the normal uterus, which places its mass superior to the bladder; it is actively supported by the tonic and phasic contraction of the muscles of the pelvic floor

Integument

The enveloping membrane of the body; includes, in
addition to the epidermis and dermis, all the derivatives of the epidermis,
hairs, nails, sudoriferous and sebaceous glands, and mammary glands, as well
as the subcutaneous tissue.
The rind, capsule, or covering of any body or part

Chemotherapy

Treatment of disease by means of chemical substances or drugs; usually used in reference to neoplastic disease.

Osteoporosis

Reduction in the quantity of bone or atrophy of skeletal tissue; an age-related disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and loss of normal skeletal microarchitecture, leading to increased susceptibility to fractures.

Medulla

Any soft marrowlike structure, especially in the center of a part

Cartilage

A connective tissue characterized by its nonvascularity and firm consistency; consists of cells (chondrocytes), an interstitial matrix of fibers (collagen), and ground substance (proteoglycans). There are three kinds of cartilage hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. Nonvascular, resilient, flexible connective tissue found primarily in joints, the walls of the thorax, and tubular structures (larynx, air passages, and ears); makes up most of the skeleton in early fetal life, but is slowly replaced by bone. For a gross anatomic description, see cartilago and its subentries

Seminal

Relating to semen.
Original or influential of future developments.

Leukemia

Progressive proliferation of abnormal leukocytes found in hemopoietic tissues, other organs, and usually in the blood in increased numbers. Leukemia is classified by the dominant cell type, and by duration from onset to death. This occurs in acute leukemia within a few months in most cases, and is associated with acute symptoms including severe anemia, hemorrhages, and slight enlargement of lymph nodes or the spleen. The duration of chronic leukemia exceeds one year, with a gradual onset of symptoms of anemia or marked enlargement of spleen, liver, or lymph nodes

Rectum

The terminal portion of the digestive tube, extending from the rectosigmoid junction to the anal canal (perineal flexure).

Menstrual

Relating to the menses.

Papilla

Any small, nipplelike process

Myeloma

A tumor composed of cells derived from hemopoietic
tissues of the bone marrow.
A plasma cell tumor.

Sperm

The male gamete or sex cell that contains the genetic information to be transmitted by the male, exhibits autokinesia, and is able to effect zygosis with an oocyte. The human sperm is composed of a head and a tail, the tail being divisible into a neck, a middle piece, a principal piece, and an end piece; the head, 4??????6 mcm in length, is a broadly oval, flattened body containing the nucleus; the tail is about 55 mcm in length

Ablation

Removal of a body part or the destruction of its function, as by a surgical procedure or morbid process, or the presence or application of a noxious substance.

Neoplastic

Pertaining to or characterized by neoplasia, or containing a neoplasm.

Mammary

Relating to the breasts.

Venter

One of the great cavities of the body.
The uterus

Abdomen

The part of the trunk that lies between the thorax and the pelvis. The abdomen does not include the vertebral region posteriorly but is considered by some anatomists to include the pelvis (abdominopelvic cavity). It includes the greater part of the abdominal cavity (cavitas abdominis [TA]) and is divided by arbitrary planes into nine regions

Bone marrow

the soft, pulpy tissue filling the medullary cavities of bones, having a stroma of reticular fibers and cells; it differs in consistency by age and location

Secretion

Production by a cell or aggregation of cells (a gland)
of a physiologically active substance and its movement out of the cell or
organ in which it is formed.
The solid, liquid, or gaseous product of cellular or
glandular activity that is stored in or used by the organism in which it is
produced.

Malignancy

The property or condition of being malignant.

Chronic

Referring to a health-related state, lasting a long
time.
Referring to exposure, prolonged or long-term,
sometimes meaning also low intensity.
The U.S. National Center for Health Statistics defines
a chronic condition as one persisting 3 months or longer.

Medicinal

Relating to medicine having curative properties

Male breast

one of the two, usually rudimentary, mammary glands and overlying nipples of the male

Semen

The penile ejaculate; a thick, yellowish-white, viscid fluid containing sperms; a mixture produced by secretions of the testes, seminal glands, prostate, and bulbourethral glands

Lymphoma

Any neoplasm of lymphoid or reticuloendothelial tissues; in general use, synonymous with malignant lymphoma; present as apparently solid tumors composed of cells that appear primitive or resemble lymphocytes, plasma cells, or histiocytes. Lymphomas appear most frequently in the lymph nodes, spleen, or other normal sites of lymphoreticular cells; may invade other organs or manifest as leukemia. Lymphomas are now classified by histology, immunophenotype, and cytogenetic analysis, according to cell of orgin (B or T cells) and degree of maturation. The current World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid neoplasms is based on the Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) classification and effectively replaces older schemes such as the Working Formulation and Rappaport classification, which were based solely on morphology.

Anal

Relating to the anus.

Anus

The lower opening of the digestive tract. It is associated with the anal sphincter and lies in the cleft between the buttocks, through which fecal matter is extruded

Cosmic rays

high-velocity particles of enormous energies, bombarding earth from outer space; the primary radiation consists of protons and more complex atomic nuclei that, on striking the atmosphere, give rise to neutrons, mesons, and other less energetic secondary radiation.

Masculine

Relating to or marked by the characteristics of the male sex or gender

Intestine

The digestive tube passing from the stomach to the anus. It is divided primarily into the small intestine (intestinum tenue) and the large intestine (intestinum crassum)

Free radical

a radical in its (usually transient) uncombined state; an atom or atom group carrying an unpaired electron and no charge; e.g., hydroxyl and methyl Free radicals may be involved as short-lived, highly active intermediates in various reactions in living tissue, notably in photosynthesis. The free radical nitric oxide, NO, plays an important role in vasodilation

Menopause

Permanent cessation of the menses due to ovarian failure; termination of the menstrual life.

Excision

The act of cutting out; the surgical removal of part
or all of a structure or organ.
molecular biology a recombination event in which a
genetic element is removed.
The enzymatic removal of a segment of a biopolymer

Objective

The lens or lenses in the object end of the body tube
of a microscope, by means of which the rays coming from the object examined
are brought to a focus.
Viewing events or phenomena as they exist in the
external world, impersonally, or in an unprejudiced way; open to observation
by oneself and by others

Orifice

Any aperture or opening

Large bowel

the colon.

Colorectal

Relating to the colon and rectum, or to the entire large bowel.

Medicine

A drug.
The art of preventing or curing disease; the science
concerned with disease in all its relations.
The study and treatment of general diseases or those
affecting the internal parts of the body, especially those not usually
requiring surgical intervention.

Gut

Embryonic digestive tube.
Abbreviated term for catgut

Radiation

radiophobia.

Malignant

occurring in severe form, and frequently fatal;
tending to become worse and leading to an ingravescent course.
In reference to a neoplasm, having the property of
locally invasive and destructive growth and metastasis.

Lung

One of a pair of viscera occupying the pulmonary cavities of the thorax, the organs of respiration in which blood is aerated. In humans, the right lung is slightly larger than the left and is divided into three lobes (an upper, a middle, and a lower or basal), whereas the left has but two lobes (an upper and a lower or basal). Each lung is irregularly conic, presenting a blunt upper extremity (the apex), a concave base following the curve of the diaphragm, an outer convex surface (costal surface), a generally concave inner or medial surface (mediastinal surface), a thin and sharp anterior border, and a rounded posterior border

Androgen

Generic term for an agent, usually a hormone (androsterone, testosterone), which stimulates activity of the accessory male sex organs, encourages development of male sex characteristics, or prevents changes in the latter due to castration; natural androgens are steroids, derivatives of androstane

Postmenopausal

Relating to the period following the menopause.

Dna

Abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid. For terms bearing this abbreviation, see subentries under deoxyribonucleic acid.

Interstitial

Relating to spaces or interstices in any structure.
Relating to spaces within a tissue or organ, but
excluding such spaces as body cavities or potential space.

Infertility

Diminished or absent ability to produce offspring; in either the male or the female, not as irreversible as sterility.

Intestinum

Inward; inner

Pregnancy

maieusiophobia.

Chondrus

The plant Chondrus crispus, Fucus crispus, or Gigartina mamillosa (family Gigartinaceae); a demulcent in chronic and intestinal disorders

Medical

Relating to medicine or the practice of medicine

Pancreas

An elongated lobulated retroperitoneal gland, devoid of a distinct capsule, extending from the concavity of the duodenum to the spleen; it consists of a flattened head within the duodenal concavity, a neck connecting the head and body, an elongated three-sided body extending transversely across the abdomen, and a tail in contact with the spleen. The gland secretes from its exocrine part pancreatic juice that is discharged into the intestine, and from its endocrine part the internal secretions insulin and glucagon.

Lac

Any whitish, milklike liquid

Clinical trial

a controlled experiment involving a defined set of human subjects, having a clinical event as an outcome measure, and intended to yield scientifically valid information about the efficacy or safety of a drug, vaccine, diagnostic test, surgical procedure, or other form of medical intervention.

Surgical

Relating to surgery.

Vaginal

Relating to the vagina or to any sheath.

Nervous

Relating to a nerve or the nerves.
Easily excited or agitated; suffering from mental or
emotional instability; tense or anxious.
Formerly, denoting a temperament characterized by
excessive mental and physical alertness, rapid pulse, excitability, often
volubility, but not always fixity of purpose.

Vasomotor

Causing dilation or constriction of the blood
vessels.
Denoting those nerves that have this action

Lactiferous

Yielding milk.

Radical

In chemistry, a group of elements or atoms usually passing intact from one compound to another, but usually incapable of prolonged existence in a free state (methyl, CH₃); in chemical formulas, a radical is often
distinguished by being enclosed in parentheses or brackets.
Thorough or extensive; relating or directed to the
extirpation of the root or cause of a morbid process; a radical operation.
Denoting treatment by extreme, drastic, or innovative,
as opposed to conservative, measures.
A functional group in a molecule or molecular
entity

Vermiculation

A wormlike movement, as in peristalsis.

Urethra

The canal leading from the bladder, discharging the urine externally.

Molecule

The smallest possible quantity of a di-, tri-, or polyatomic substance that retains the chemical properties of the substance.

Curative

That which heals or cures.
Tending to heal or cure.

Dioxide

A molecule containing two atoms of oxygen, carbon dioxide, CO₂.

Connective tissue

the physical or functional supporting tissue of the animal body, a major constituent of which (in addition to various kinds of cells) is an extracellular matrix of ground substance, protein fibers, and structural glycoproteins; it is derived from the mesenchyme, which in turn is derived mainly from mesoderm; the many kinds of connective tissue may be classified according to cell-matrix proportion (loose vs. dense), arrangement of fibers (regular dense vs. irregular dense), fiber type (collagenous, elastic), embedded cell type (adipose, lymphoid, hemopoietic), degree of differentiation (mesenchymal, mucous), location (subcutaneous, periosteal, perichondrial), appearance (areolar, granulation), or nature of matrix (cartilaginous, osseous, or, in the cases of blood and lymph, liquid)

Sarcoma

A connective tissue neoplasm, usually highly malignant, formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells.

Antimetabolite

A substance that competes with, replaces, or antagonizes a particular metabolite; ethionine is an antimetabolite of methionine.

Related Material

December 24, 2012 by iniskantor

Rectal Cancer

It may be remarked that cancer is actually in a big way influenced by rectal, and unusual childhood drugs. Cancer is a term for diseases in which abnormal (i.e., deviant) cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body (i.e., corpus) through the blood (i.e., haema) and lymph (i.e., lympha) systems. There are several main (i.e., hand) types of cancer. Carcinoma is a cancer that begins in the skin (i.e., cutis) or in tissues that line (i.e., linea) or cover internal (i.e., internus) organs. Sarcoma is a cancer that begins in bone (i.e., os), cartilage (i.e., cartilago, or chondrus), fat (i.e., adipose tissue), muscle (i.e., musculus, or see musculus), blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia (i.e., leukocytic sarcoma) is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow (i.e., medulla ossium), and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma (i.e., multiple myelomatosis, or myelomatosis multiplex) are cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system (i.e., systema nervosum) cancers are cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal (i.e., rachial, or rachidial) cord (i.e., fasciculus, or funiculus). Also called malignancy. Rectal, by or having to do with the rectum. The rectum is the last several inches of the large intestine (i.e., bowel (i.e., intestine), or gut) (i.e., intestinum crassum) closest to the anus (i.e., anal orifice).

With regard to rectal cancer we are able to determine the following typical information, observations, as well as entries:

It would seem apparant that, for more information from the National Cancer Institute about rectal cancer, see the following Colon and Rectal Cancer Home Page : What You Need to Know About Cancer of the Colon and Rectum Colorectal Cancer Prevention Colorectal Cancer Screening Colorectal Cancer Screening (NCI Fact Sheet) Unusual Cancers of Childhood Drugs Approved for Colon and Rectal Cancer Targeted Cancer Therapies Understanding Cancer.^[1] National Cancer Institute is the National Cancer Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, is the Federal Government’s principal agency for malignant neoplastic disease research. The National Cancer Institute conducts, coordinates, and funds malignant neoplastic disease research, training, health information dissemination, and other programs with respect to the cause, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of malignant neoplastic disease. Access (i.e., access opening) the National Cancer Institute Web site (i.e., situs) at hypertext transfer (i.e., transmission) protocol://www. cancer. gov. Likewise called NCI. NCI, nCI, region (i.e., regio) of the National Institutes of Health of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, is the Federal Government’s principal agency for cancer enquiry. It conducts, coordinates, and funds cancer research, training, health information dissemination, and other programs with respectfulness to the cause, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of cancer. Prevention is in medicine, action taken to decrease the prospect of getting a disease or condition. For example, cancer prevention includes avoiding risk factors (such as smoking, obesity (i.e., adiposity, or corpulence), lack of exercise, and radiation (i.e., radiatio) exposure) and increasing protective factors (such as getting regular physical activity, staying at a fit weight, and having a healthy diet). Access the NCI Web site at http://world wide web. malignant neoplastic disease. gov. As well called National Cancer Institute. Rectal cancer, cancer
that forms in the tissues of the rectum (the last several inches of the big
intestine closest to the anus).
One can believe that, it is more common for radiation to be used in rectal cancer, since the rectum does not displace as much as the colon and is thus (i.e., olibanum) easier to target.^[2] Colon is the longest part of the large intestine, which is a tube (i.e., tuba)-like organ connected to the small intestine (i.e., intestinum tenue) at one end and the anus at the other. The colon removes water (i.e., aromatic water) and some nutrients and electrolytes from partially digested food. The remaining material, solid waste called stool (i.e., evacuation), moves through the colon to the rectum and leaves the body through the anus. Rectum is the last several inches of the large bowel closest to the anus. Radiation, energy released in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. Common sources of radiation include radon gas, cosmic rays from outer space (i.e., spatium), medical (i.e., medicinal, or medicinal) x-rays, and energy given off by a radioisotope (unstable form of a chemical
element that releases radiation as it breaks down and becomes more stable).
One can identify, due to the increased risk of local recurrence (i.e., relapse) and a poorer overall prognosis, the management of rectal cancer varies somewhat from that of colon cancer.^[3] Recurrence, cancer that has recurred (come back), usually after a period of time during which the cancer could not be detected. The cancer may come back to the same place as the original (primary) tumor (i.e., neoplasm) or to another place in the body. Also called recurrent cancer. Colon cancer, cancer that forms in the tissues of the colon (the longest part of the large intestine). Most colon cancers are adenocarcinomas (cancers that begin in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids). Prognosis is the likely outcome or course of a
disease; the chance of retrieval or recurrence.
For instance, commonly used drugs to care for rectal cancer include 5-FU, oxaliplatin, capecitabine and irinotecan.^[4] 5-FU is a drug used to care for cancers of the breast (i.e., mamma, or teat), stomach (i.e., gaster, or ventriculus), and pancreas, and certain types of colorectal and head (i.e., caput) and neck (i.e., cervix, or collum) cancers. It is also used in a cream to treat basal (i.e., basalis) cell (i.e., basilar cell) tegument (i.e., integument, or integument) cancer and actinic keratosis (i.e., senile keratoderma, or senile keratoma) (a skin condition that may become cancer). It is being studied in the treatment of other conditions and types of malignant neoplastic disease. five-FU stops cells from making Dna and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimetabolite. Likewise called five-fluorouracil, Adrucil, Efudex, Fluoroplex, and fluorouracil. Capecitabine is a drug used to treat stage III colon malignant neoplastic disease in patients who had surgery to take away the cancer. It is likewise used to treat metastatic breast cancer that has not improved after treatment with certain other anticancer drugs. Capecitabine is being studied in the handling of other types of cancer. It is taken up by cancer cells and breaks down into 5-fluorouracil, a subject matter (i.e., substance) that kills tumor cells. Capecitabine is a type of antimetabolite. Likewise called Xeloda. Oxaliplatin is a drug used with other drugs to care for colorectal cancer that is advanced or has come back. Colorectal cancer, cancer that develops in the colon (the longest part of the large intestine) and/or the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine before the anus). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Oxaliplatin attaches to DNA in cells and may kill malignant neoplastic disease cells. It is a type of platinum compound. As well called Eloxatin. Irinotecan is the active ingredient in a drug used alone or with other drugs to treat colon cancer or rectal cancer that has spread out to other parts of the body or has come back after treatment with fluorouracil. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Irinotecan blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division (i.e., divisio) and DNA repair, and it may kill malignant neoplastic disease cells. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor and a type of camptothecin analog.
It’s that, at the following site you can find Drugs Approved for Colon and Rectal Cancer for more information.^[5]

Terminology

Neoplasm

An abnormal tissue that grows by cellular proliferation more rapidly than normal and continues to grow after the stimuli that initiated the new growth cease. Neoplasms show partial or complete lack of structural organization and functional coordination with the normal tissue, and usually form a distinct mass of tissue that may be either benign (benign tumor) or malignant (cancer)

Lymph

Basilar

Relating to the base of a pyramidal or broad structure.

Large intestine

Myelomatosis

A disease characterized by the occurrence of myeloma in various sites.

Spinal

Relating to any spine or spinous process.
Relating to the vertebral column

Nervous system

the entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part (the brain and spinal cord) and a peripheral part (the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia, plexuses and peripheral nerves)

Adipose

Denoting fat.

Leukocytic

Pertaining to or characterized by leukocytes

Gaster

Prominent part of wasp or ant abdomen, separated from the other body parts by a thin connecting segment

Colon

The large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum.

Senile

Relating to or characteristic of old age.

Immune system

an intricate complex of interrelated cellular, molecular, and genetic components that provides a defense, the immune response, against foreign organisms or substances and aberrant native cells.

Camptothecin

Plant alkaloids consisting of a pentacyclic structure with a lactone ring; inhibitors of topoisomerase I, topotecan and irinotecan (CPT-11).

Topoisomerase

A type of enzyme converting (isomerizing) one topologic version of DNA into another; acts by catalyzing the breakage and reformation of DNA phosphodiester linkages.

Brain

That part of the central nervous system contained within the cranium.

Basal

Situated nearer the base of a pyramidal organ in
relation to a specific reference point; opposite of apical.
In dentistry, denoting the floor of a cavity in the
grinding surface of a tooth.
Denoting a standard or reference state of a function,
as a basis for comparison. More specifically, denoting the exact conditions
for measurement of basal metabolic rate (q.v.); basal conditions do not always
denote a minimum value, metabolic rate in sleep is usually lower than the
basal rate but is inconvenient for standard measurement

Radioisotope

An isotope that changes to a more stable state by emitting radiation.

Integument

The enveloping membrane of the body; includes, in
addition to the epidermis and dermis, all the derivatives of the epidermis,
hairs, nails, sudoriferous and sebaceous glands, and mammary glands, as well
as the subcutaneous tissue.
The rind, capsule, or covering of any body or part

Metastatic

Relating to metastasis.

Medulla

Any soft marrowlike structure, especially in the center of a part

Adiposity

Excessive accumulation of lipids in a site or organ

Cartilage

Actinic

Relating to the chemically active rays of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Leukemia

Rectum

The terminal portion of the digestive tube, extending from the rectosigmoid junction to the anal canal (perineal flexure).

Capecitabine

A prodrug converted to 5-fluorouracil.

Neck

Part of body by which the head is connected to the
trunk, it extends from the base of the cranium to the top of the shoulders.
In anatomy, any constricted portion having a fancied
resemblance to the neck of an animal.
The germinative portion of an adult tapeworm, that
develops the segments or proglottids; the region of cestode segmentation
behind the scolex

Cervix

Any necklike structure

Myeloma

A tumor composed of cells derived from hemopoietic
tissues of the bone marrow.
A plasma cell tumor.

Neoplastic

Pertaining to or characterized by neoplasia, or containing a neoplasm.

Bone marrow

the soft, pulpy tissue filling the medullary cavities of bones, having a stroma of reticular fibers and cells; it differs in consistency by age and location

Small intestine

the portion of the digestive tube between the stomach and the cecum (beginning of the large intestine); it consists of three portions duodenum, jejunum, and ileum; its primary function is the continued digestion of chyme and the absorption of nutrients into the lymphatic (fats) and portal venous system, through its mucosal surface, which is highly modified to provide surface area for this purpose

Malignancy

The property or condition of being malignant.

Cancer

cancerophobia, carcinophobia.

Medicinal

Relating to medicine having curative properties

Lymphoma

Gene

A functional unit of heredity that occupies a specific place (locus) on a chromosome, is capable of reproducing itself exactly at each cell division, and directs the formation of an enzyme or other protein. The gene as a functional unit consists of a discrete segment of a giant DNA molecule containing the purine (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidine (cytosine and thymine) bases in the correct sequence to code the sequence of amino acids of a specific peptide. Protein synthesis is mediated by molecules of messenger RNA formed on the chromosome with the gene acting as a template. The RNA then passes into the cytoplasm and becomes oriented on the ribosomes where it in turn acts as a template to organize a chain of amino acids to form a peptide. In organisms reproducing sexually, genes normally occur in pairs in all cells except gametes, as a consequence of the fact that all chromosomes are paired except the sex chromosomes (X and Y) of the male

Ventriculus

The enlarged posterior portion of the mesenteron of the insect alimentary canal, in which digestion occurs

Anal

Relating to the anus.

Anus

The lower opening of the digestive tract. It is associated with the anal sphincter and lies in the cleft between the buttocks, through which fecal matter is extruded

Cosmic rays

high-velocity particles of enormous energies, bombarding earth from outer space; the ??????primary radiation?????? consists of protons and more complex atomic nuclei that, on striking the atmosphere, give rise to neutrons, mesons, and other less energetic ??????secondary radiation.??????

Keratoma

A horny tumor