Cancer Patients
Cancer Patients
You can find no less than fifteen items strongly related cancer patient. Cancer is a term for diseases in which abnormal (i.e., deviant) cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body (i.e., corpus) through the blood (i.e., haema) and lymph (i.e., lympha) systems. There are several main (i.e., hand) types of cancer. Carcinoma is a cancer that begins in the skin (i.e., cutis) or in tissues that line (i.e., linea) or cover internal (i.e., internus) organs. Sarcoma is a cancer that begins in bone (i.e., os), cartilage (i.e., cartilago, or chondrus), fat (i.e., adipose tissue), muscle (i.e., musculus (i.e., muscle, or see muscle), or see musculus), blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia (i.e., leukocytic sarcoma) is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow (i.e., medulla ossium), and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma (i.e., multiple myelomatosis, or myelomatosis multiplex) are cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system (i.e., systema nervosum) cancers are cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal (i.e., rachial, or rachidial) cord (i.e., fasciculus, or funiculus). Also called malignancy. They may be listed below:
- It would appear that, another supplement that can pose a risk for prostate (i.e., prostata, or glandula prostatica) cancer patients is Dhea, which can affect testosterone levels, said Phyllis Matthews, a urology nurse practitioner at a group of Veterans Affairs clinics in the Denver area.[1] Prostate cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the prostate (a gland (i.e., glandula) in the male (i.e., masculine) reproductive system (i.e., genital system) found below the bladder and in front of the rectum). Prostate cancer usually occurs in older men. Nurse is a health pro trained to care for people who are ill or disabled. Practitioner is a individual who works in a specific profession. For example, a dr. or nurse is a healthcare practitioner. Prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system. The prostate surrounds the part of the urethra (the tube (i.e., tuba) that empties the bladder) just below the bladder, and produces a fluid that forms part of the semen (i.e., seed, or seminal fluid). Nurse practitioner is a registered nursemaid who has additional education and training in how to diagnose and treat disease. Nurse practitioners are licensed at the state level and certified by national breast (i.e., mamma, or teat) feeding organizations. In cancer care, a nurse practician may manage the primary care of patients and their families, based on a practice agreement with a doctor. Likewise called advanced practice nurse, APN, and Np. DHEA is a substance (i.e., substantia, or matter) being studied in the prevention of malignant neoplastic disease. It is a type of sex hormone. As well called dehydroepiandrosterone. Testosterone is a endocrine made mainly in the testes (part of the male reproductive system). It is needed to develop and maintain male sex characteristics, such as facial (i.e., facialis) hair (i.e., pilus), deep (i.e., profundus) voice (i.e., vox), and musculus growth. Testosterone may also be made in the laboratory and is used to care for certain medical (i.e., medicinal, or medicinal) conditions.
- One can recognize, cancer patients have a lot on their plates–from the psychological effects of knowing that a growth within their organic structure (i.e., structura) is threatening their health, to the physical rigors of conventional cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation (i.e., radiatio).[2] Chemotherapy, treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells. Psychological, having to do with how the thinker works and how thoughts and feelings affect behavior. Radiation, energy released in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. Common sources of radiation include radon gas, cosmic rays from outer space (i.e., spatium), medical x-rays, and energy given off by a radioisotope (unstable form of a chemical
element that releases radiation as it breaks down and becomes more stable). - You can conclude that, cleaning (i.e., dental prophylaxis) the home of a cancer patient can be a challenge.[2]
- Evidently, being a malignant neoplastic disease patient can be an incredibly lonely and isolating experience.[2]
- One can view (i.e., projection), a loss of appetite (i.e., orexia) is common in cancer patients, especially among those undergoing chemotherapy.[2] Appetite is a desire to satisfy a physical or mental
(i.e., genial, or genian) need, such as for food, sex activity, or adventure. - One can determine, however, even if cancer patients have no appetite, good nutrition (i.e., trophism) is substantive to maintaining the strength to fight cancer.[2] Nutrition is the taking in and usance of food and other nourishing material by the body. Nutrition is a 3-part procedure. First, nutrient or drink is consumed. Second, the organic structure breaks down the food or drink into nutrients. Third, the nutrients travel through the bloodstream to unlike parts of the body where they are used as fuel and for many other purposes. To pass on the body proper nutrition, a person has to eat and drink enough of the foods that contain key nutrients.
- One can view, cancer patients often make trouble absorbing essential (i.e., intrinsic) nutrients, and hence special diets are implemented to assure nutritional needs are met.[2]
- It would seem apparant that, but because a cancer patient may have a weakened immune system, it is important to maintain the home clean to prevent unwellness.[2] Immune system is the complex (i.e., sequence)
grouping of organs and cells that defends the body against infections and
other diseases. - Evidently, cancer patients often lose their appetite, especially when they are undergoing chemotherapy, and sometimes they are so tired or uncomfortable that eating a meal is difficult.[2]
- It’s possible to conclude that, as a result, a cancer patient may not be able to maintain a regular diet.[4]
- One can determine, being a health professional for a cancer patient is demanding and multi-faceted, and can be stressful in itself.[4]
- One can determine, protein is especially important for cancer patients because protein is essential for the body.[4] Protein is a
particle made up of aminic acids. Proteins are needed for the organic
structure to function properly. They are the basis (i.e., base) of body
structures, such as skin and hair’s-breadth, and of other substances such as
enzymes, cytokines, and antibodies. - One can assume that, cancer patients are ill, but exercise is necessary to improve seniority of life and lower (i.e., inferior, or lower tubercle) the recurrence (i.e., relapse) of cancer development.[5] Recurrence, cancer that has recurred (come back), normally after a period of time during which the malignant neoplastic disease could not be detected. The cancer may come back to the same spot (i.e., macula) as the original (primary) tumor (i.e., neoplasm)
or to another place in the body. Also called recurrent malignant neoplastic
disease. - Apparently, 6/20/2010 – Recent studies and reports have revealed that terminal cancer patients are frequently given harsh chemotherapy drugs and radiation treatments long after they have been diagnosed as hopeless.[6]
- It is obvious that, cancer patients frequently ask this question, What is my prognosis. [7] Prognosis is the likely outcome
or course of a disease; the chance of recovery or recurrence.
Moreover, we can increase the risk for pursuing observations regarding Cancer Patients :
- For instance, find out the efficacy of pazopanib hydrochloride in patients with stage IV or recurrent nasopharyngeal (i.e., rhinopharyngeal) carcinoma.[3] Carcinoma, cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Pazopanib hydrochloride is a drug used to care for advanced nephritic cell carcinoma, which is the most common type of kidney (i.e., ren, or nephros) cancer. It is as well used to treat advanced soft tissue sarcoma that has been treated with other anticancer drugs. It is being studied in the treatment of other types of malignant neoplastic disease. Pazopanib hydrochloride may foreclose the growth of new blood vessels that tumors demand to grow. It is a type of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent. As well called GW786034 and Votrient. Stage is the extent of a cancer in the body. Staging is usually based on the size of the tumor, whether lymph nodes contain cancer, and whether the cancer has spread from the original site (i.e., situs) to other parts of the body. Efficacy, effectiveness. In medicine, the ability of an intervention (for example, a drug or
surgery) to produce the desired beneficial effect.
Terminology
Neoplasm
An abnormal tissue that grows by cellular proliferation more rapidly than normal and continues to grow after the stimuli that initiated the new growth cease. Neoplasms show partial or complete lack of structural organization and functional coordination with the normal tissue, and usually form a distinct mass of tissue that may be either benign (benign tumor) or malignant (cancer)
Effectiveness
- A measure of the accuracy or success of a diagnostic
or therapeutic technique when carried out in an average clinical
environment. - The extent to which a treatment achieves its intended
purpose.
Lymph
A clear, transparent, sometimes faintly yellow and slightly opalescent fluid that is collected from the tissues throughout the body, flows in the lymphatic vessels (through the lymph nodes), and is eventually added to the venous blood circulation. Lymph consists of a clear liquid portion, varying numbers of white blood cells (chiefly lymphocytes), and a few red blood cells
Np
- Symbol for neptunium.
- Abbreviation for neper.
Bloodstream
The flowing blood as it is encountered in the circulatory system, as distinguished from blood that has been removed from the circulatory system or sequestered in a part; thus, something added to the bloodstream may be expected to become distributed to all parts of the body through which blood is flowing.
Efficacy
The extent to which a specific intervention, procedure, regimen, or service produces a beneficial result under ideal conditions.
Bladder
- A distensible musculomembranous organ serving as a
receptacle for fluid, such as the urinary bladder or gallbladder. -
See detrusor
Urology
The medical specialty concerned with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the genitourinary tract.
Myelomatosis
A disease characterized by the occurrence of myeloma in various sites.
Spinal
- Relating to any spine or spinous process.
- Relating to the vertebral column
Nervous system
the entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part (the brain and spinal cord) and a peripheral part (the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia, plexuses and peripheral nerves)
Reproductive
Relating to reproduction.
Adipose
Denoting fat.
Leukocytic
Pertaining to or characterized by leukocytes
Prostate
A chestnut-shaped body, surrounding the beginning of the urethra in the male, which consists of two lateral lobes connected anteriorly by an isthmus and posteriorly by a middle lobe lying above and between the ejaculatory ducts. Structurally, the prostate consists of 30??????50 compound tubuloalveolar glands among which is abundant stroma consisting of collagen and elastic fibers and many smooth muscle bundles. The secretion of the glands is a milky fluid that is discharged by excretory ducts into the prostatic urethra at the time of the emission of semen
Testosterone
The most potent naturally occurring androgen, formed in greatest quantities by the interstitial cells of the testes, and possibly secreted also in small amounts by the ovary and adrenal cortex; may be produced in nonglandular tissues from precursors such as androstenedione; used in the treatment of hypogonadism, cryptorchism, certain carcinomas, and menorrhagia. Various preparations are used therapeutically.
Facial
Relating to the face
Strength
- The quality of being strong or powerful.
- The degree of intensity.
- The property of materials by which they endure the
application of force without yielding or breaking.
Meal
- The food consumed at regular intervals or at a
specified time. - Ground flour from a grain.
Tyrosine kinase
an enzyme that phosphorylates tyrosyl residues on certain proteins; many are products of viral oncogenes; a number of receptors (receptors for epidermal growth factor, insulin, etc.) have this enzymatic activity; a misnomer, in that the physiologic substrate is not tyrosine but tyrosyl residues in a protein.
Immune system
an intricate complex of interrelated cellular, molecular, and genetic components that provides a defense, the immune response, against foreign organisms or substances and aberrant native cells.
Tubercle
- A nodule, especially in an anatomic, not pathologic,
sense. - A circumscribed, rounded, solid elevation on the skin,
mucous membrane, surface of an organ, or the surface of a bone, the latter
giving attachment to a muscle or ligament. - dentistry a small elevation arising on the surface of
a tooth. - A granulomatous lesion due to infection by
Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although somewhat variable in size (0.5??????3 mm
in diameter) and in the proportions of various histologic components,
tubercle’s tend to be fairly well circumscribed, spheroid, firm lesions that
usually consist of three irregularly outlined but moderately distinct zones 1)
an inner focus of necrosis, coagulative at first, which then becomes caseous;
2) a middle zone that consists of a fairly dense accumulation of large
mononuclear phagocytes (macrophages), frequently arranged somewhat radially
(with reference to the necrotic material) resembling an epithelium, and hence
termed epithelioid cells; multinucleated giant cells of Langhans type may also
be present; and 3) an outer zone of numerous lymphocytes, and a few monocytes
and plasma cells. In instances in which healing has begun, a fourth zone of
fibrous tissue may form at the periphery. Morphologically indistinguishable
lesions may occur in diseases caused by other agents; many observers use the
term nonspecifically, with reference to any such granuloma; other clinicians
use tubercle only for tuberculous lesions, and then designate those of
undetermined causes as epithelioid-cell granulomas
Genital
- Relating to reproduction or generation.
- Relating to the primary female or male sex organs or
genitals. - Relating to or characterized by genitality.
Nasopharyngeal
Relating to the nasopharynx
Brain
That part of the central nervous system contained within the cranium.
Radioisotope
An isotope that changes to a more stable state by emitting radiation.
Prophylaxis
Prevention of disease or of a process that can lead to disease.
Chemotherapy
Treatment of disease by means of chemical substances or drugs; usually used in reference to neoplastic disease.
Medulla
Any soft marrowlike structure, especially in the center of a part
Dental
Relating to the teeth.
Cartilage
A connective tissue characterized by its nonvascularity and firm consistency; consists of cells (chondrocytes), an interstitial matrix of fibers (collagen), and ground substance (proteoglycans). There are three kinds of cartilage hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. Nonvascular, resilient, flexible connective tissue found primarily in joints, the walls of the thorax, and tubular structures (larynx, air passages, and ears); makes up most of the skeleton in early fetal life, but is slowly replaced by bone. For a gross anatomic description, see cartilago and its subentries
Seminal
- Relating to semen.
- Original or influential of future developments.
Practitioner
A person who practices medicine or one of the allied health care professions.
Sequence
- The succession, or following, of one thing, process,
or event after another; in dysmorphology, a pattern of multiple anomalies
derived from a single known or presumed prior anomaly or mechanical factor. - The imposition of a paricular order on a number of
items
Pilus
A fine filamentous appendage, somewhat analogous in function to the flagellum, which occurs on some bacteria. Although they can be chemically similar to flagella, pili consist only of protein and are shorter, straighter, and more numerous. Specialized pili (F pili, I pili, and other conjugative pili) seem to mediate bacterial conjugation and bacterial attachment to host cells during the infective process
Leukemia
Progressive proliferation of abnormal leukocytes found in hemopoietic tissues, other organs, and usually in the blood in increased numbers. Leukemia is classified by the dominant cell type, and by duration from onset to death. This occurs in acute leukemia within a few months in most cases, and is associated with acute symptoms including severe anemia, hemorrhages, and slight enlargement of lymph nodes or the spleen. The duration of chronic leukemia exceeds one year, with a gradual onset of symptoms of anemia or marked enlargement of spleen, liver, or lymph nodes
Rectum
The terminal portion of the digestive tube, extending from the rectosigmoid junction to the anal canal (perineal flexure).
Myeloma
- A tumor composed of cells derived from hemopoietic
tissues of the bone marrow. - A plasma cell tumor.
Neoplastic
Pertaining to or characterized by neoplasia, or containing a neoplasm.
Kinase
- Enzyme that catalyzes conversion of a proenzyme to an
active one (enteropeptidase [enterokinase]). Important in salvage and
recycling of nucleotides. Some antiviral agents work by inactivating viral or
tumor kinases - Suffix attached to some enzymes to indicate
transformation.
Testes
Plural of testis.
Psychological
- Relating to psychology.
- Relating to the mind and its processes.
-
See psychology
Bone marrow
the soft, pulpy tissue filling the medullary cavities of bones, having a stroma of reticular fibers and cells; it differs in consistency by age and location
Malignancy
The property or condition of being malignant.
Medicinal
Relating to medicine having curative properties
Orexia
The affective and conative aspects of an act, in contrast to the cognitive aspect
Semen
The penile ejaculate; a thick, yellowish-white, viscid fluid containing sperms; a mixture produced by secretions of the testes, seminal glands, prostate, and bulbourethral glands
Lymphoma
Any neoplasm of lymphoid or reticuloendothelial tissues; in general use, synonymous with malignant lymphoma; present as apparently solid tumors composed of cells that appear primitive or resemble lymphocytes, plasma cells, or histiocytes. Lymphomas appear most frequently in the lymph nodes, spleen, or other normal sites of lymphoreticular cells; may invade other organs or manifest as leukemia. Lymphomas are now classified by histology, immunophenotype, and cytogenetic analysis, according to cell of orgin (B or T cells) and degree of maturation. The current World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid neoplasms is based on the Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) classification and effectively replaces older schemes such as the Working Formulation and Rappaport classification, which were based solely on morphology.
Hydrochloride
A compound formed by the addition of a hydrochloric acid molecule to a basic moiety on the substance, guanine hydrochloride, glycine hydrochloride.
Cosmic rays
high-velocity particles of enormous energies, bombarding earth from outer space; the ??????primary radiation?????? consists of protons and more complex atomic nuclei that, on striking the atmosphere, give rise to neutrons, mesons, and other less energetic ??????secondary radiation.??????
Masculine
Relating to or marked by the characteristics of the male sex or gender
Nephritic
Relating to or suffering from nephritis.
Nutrition
- A function of living plants and animals, consisting of
the ingestion and metabolism of food material whereby tissue is built up and
energy liberated. - The study of the food and liquid requirements of human
beings or animals for normal physiologic function, including energy, need,
maintenance, growth, activity, reproduction, and lactation
Endocrine
- Secreting internally, most commonly into the systemic
circulation; of or pertaining to such secretion. - The internal or hormonal secretion of a ductless
gland. - Denoting a gland that furnishes an internal
secretion.
Key
- Ernst A.H., Swedish anatomist and physician,
1832??????1901. -
See foramen of
Key-Retzius, sheath of Key and Retzius
Hormone
A chemical substance, formed in one organ or part of the body and carried in the blood to another organ or part where they exert functional effects; depending on the specificity of their effects, hormones can alter the functional activity, and sometimes the structure, of just one organ or tissue or various numbers of them. Various hormones are formed by ductless glands, but molecules such as secretin, cholecystokinin/somatostatin, formed in the gastrointestinal tract, by definition are also hormones. The definition of hormone has been recently extended to chemical substances formed by cells and acting on neighboring cells (paracrine function) or the same cells that produce them (autocrine function). For hormones not listed below, see specific names.
Medicine
- A drug.
- The art of preventing or curing disease; the science
concerned with disease in all its relations. - The study and treatment of general diseases or those
affecting the internal parts of the body, especially those not usually
requiring surgical intervention.
Radiation
radiophobia.
Malignant
- occurring in severe form, and frequently fatal;
tending to become worse and leading to an ingravescent course. - In reference to a neoplasm, having the property of
locally invasive and destructive growth and metastasis.
Rhinopharyngeal
Relating to the rhinopharynx
Intervention
An action or ministration that produces an effect or is intended to alter the course of a pathologic process.
Dr.
Abbreviation for doctor.
Dhea
Abbreviation for dehydroepiandrosterone.
Chondrus
The plant Chondrus crispus, Fucus crispus, or Gigartina mamillosa (family Gigartinaceae); a demulcent in chronic and intestinal disorders
Medical
Relating to medicine or the practice of medicine
Tumor
- Any swelling or tumefaction.
- One of the four signs of inflammation (t., calor,
dolor, rubor) enunciated by Celsus
Lot
Abbreviation for left occipitotransverse position.
Nurse
- To breast-feed; suckle.
- To provide care of the sick.
- One who is educated in the scientific basis of nursing
under defined standards of education and is concerned with the diagnosis and
treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems.
Met
Abbreviation for metabolic equivalent.
Staging
- The determination or classification of distinct phases
or periods in the course of a disease or pathologic process. - The determination of the specific extent of a disease
process in an individual patient.
Nervous
- Relating to a nerve or the nerves.
- Easily excited or agitated; suffering from mental or
emotional instability; tense or anxious. - Formerly, denoting a temperament characterized by
excessive mental and physical alertness, rapid pulse, excitability, often
volubility, but not always fixity of purpose.
Urethra
The canal leading from the bladder, discharging the urine externally.
Macula
- A circumscribed flat area, up to 1 cm in diameter,
differing perceptibly in color from the surrounding tissue. - A small discolored patch or spot on the skin, neither
elevated above nor depressed below the skin’s surface. - The neuroepithelial sensory receptors of the utricle
and saccule of the vestibular labyrinth collectively
Complex
- An organized constellation of feelings, thoughts,
perceptions, and memories that may be in part unconscious and may strongly
influence associations and attitudes. - In jungian psychology, a personification of an
archetype from the collective unconscious, residing in the personal
unconscious. - chemistry the relatively stable combination of two or
more compounds into a larger molecule without covalent binding. - A composite of chemical or immunologic structures.
- A structural anatomic entity made up of three or more
interrelated parts. - In electroencephalography, a recognizable series of
waveforms that typically recur at intervals. - An informal term used to denote a group of individual
structures known or believed to be related anatomically, embryologically, or
physiologically
Kidney
One of the paired organs that excrete urine, remove nitrogenous wastes of metabolism, reclaim important electrolytes and water, contribute to blood pressure control(renin-angiotensin system) and erythropoiesis (via erythropoietin production). The kidneys are bean-shaped organs about 11-cm long, 5-cm wide, and 3-cm thick, lying on either side of the vertebral column, posterior to the peritoneum, opposite the 12th thoracic and 1st??????3rd lumbar vertebrae. In animals, the kidney has variable size and location
Sarcoma
A connective tissue neoplasm, usually highly malignant, formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells.
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